![]() ![]() This practice, in the name of a 'classless' or 'libertarian' society, could easily conceal the existence of hierarchical relationships and a hierarchical sensibility, both of which––even in the absence of economic exploitation or political coercion––would serve to perpetuate unfreedom." īookchin also points to an accumulation of hierarchical systems throughout history that has occurred up to contemporary societies which tends to determine the human collective and individual psyche, "The objective history of the social structure becomes internalized as a subjective history of the psychic structure. To use the words hierarchy, class, and State interchangeably, as many social theorists do, is insidious and obscurantist. There is a strong theoretical need to contrast hierarchy with the more widespread use of the words class and State careless use of these terms can produce a dangerous simplification of social reality. Bookchin writes that, "My use of the word hierarchy in the subtitle of this work is meant to be provocative. Bookchin is critical of the class centered analysis of Marxism and simplistic anti-state forms of libertarianism and liberalism and wished to present what he saw was a more complex view of societies. ![]()
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